Scientists have lengthy debated whether or not dinosaurs had been in decline earlier than an asteroid smacked the Earth 66 million years in the past, inflicting mass extinction.
New analysis suggests dinosaur populations had been nonetheless thriving in North America earlier than the asteroid strike, but it surely’s just one piece of the worldwide image, unbiased specialists say.
“Dinosaurs had been fairly numerous and now we all know there have been fairly distinct communities” roaming round earlier than being abruptly worn out, mentioned Daniel Peppe, a research co-author and paleontologist at Baylor College.
The newest proof comes from analyzing a portion of the Kirtland Formation in northern New Mexico that is been identified for round 100 years to comprise a number of attention-grabbing dinosaur fossils.
Scientists now say these fossils and the encompassing rocks date from round 400,000 years earlier than the asteroid struck, which is taken into account a brief interval in geologic time. The age was decided by analyzing small particles of volcanic glass inside sandstone and by learning the route of magnetic minerals throughout the mudstone of the rock formation.
The outcomes present “the animals deposited right here should have been residing near the top of the Cretaceous,” the final dinosaur period, mentioned Peppe.
Natalia Jagielska / AP
The findings had been revealed Thursday within the journal Science.
Variations between the dinosaur species present in New Mexico and people discovered at a web site in Montana that had been beforehand dated to the identical time-frame “run counter to the concept dinosaurs had been in decline,” Peppe mentioned.
The fossils beforehand discovered on the New Mexico web site embody Tyrannosaurus rex and a Triceratops-like horned herbivore.
The most important dinosaur examined within the research was the plant-eating Alamosaurus, which may weigh greater than 30 tons and measure about 100 toes lengthy.
“Nothing illustrates how dinosaurs had been thriving as much as the very finish greater than the truth that Alamosaurus, one of many largest dinosaurs ever – in reality, one of many very largest animals to ever reside on land in your complete historical past of the Earth – was there to witness the asteroid,” College of Edinburgh paleontologist and research co-author Steve Brusatte informed the Reuters information company.
“So not solely had been sauropods nonetheless round when the asteroid hit, they had been nonetheless thriving, nonetheless chic, nonetheless colossal, nonetheless superb,” Brusatte informed Reuters. “I can think about the scene: one minute, a jet plane-sized dinosaur was shaking the bottom because it walked, the subsequent minute the entire Earth was shaking with the vitality unleashed by the asteroid.”
A analysis group in 2019 discovered that the steroid strike ignited a chaotic day of fires, earthquakes, and tsunamis, which led to a chronic interval of worldwide cooling.
Scientists who weren’t concerned within the research cautioned that proof discovered at a single location may not level to a broader development.
“This new proof about these very late-surviving dinosaurs in New Mexico could be very thrilling,” mentioned College of Bristol paleontologist Mike Benton, who was not concerned within the research. However he added, “This is only one location, not a illustration of the complexity of dinosaur faunas on the time throughout North America or all around the world.”
Though scientists have discovered dinosaur fossils on each continent, precisely relationship them is usually a problem, mentioned paleontologist and research co-author Andrew Flynn of New Mexico State College. Simply datable materials, equivalent to carbon, does not survive in fossils, so scientists should search for surrounding rocks with exact traits that can be utilized to find out ages.
Additional analysis may assist full the image of what vary of dinosaur species was alive globally on the eve of the asteroid crash, mentioned Flynn.
